Arbitration & International Court of Arbitration

What is Arbitration?

Arbitration, a form of alternative dispute resolution (ADR), is a way to resolve disputes outside the courts. The dispute will be decided by one or more persons, which renders the "arbitration award".

Features

• An arbitration award is legally binding on both sides and enforceable in the courts.
• Arbitration is often used for the resolution of commercial disputes, particularly in the context of international commercial transactions.
• Arbitration can be either voluntary or mandatory and can be either binding or non-binding. Non-binding arbitration is similar to mediation in that a decision cannot be imposed on the parties.
• Arbitration is a proceeding in which a dispute is resolved by an impartial adjudicator whose decision the parties to the dispute have agreed, or legislation has decreed, will be final and binding.

International Court of Arbitration

• The International Court of Arbitration is an institution for the resolution of international commercial disputes.
• The International Court of Arbitration is part of the International Chamber of Commerce. The court comprises more than 100 members from about 90 countries.
• ICC headquarters is in Paris, France.

Jal Bachao, Video Banao, Puraskar Pao contest

What is the contest about?

• Jal Bachao, Video Banao, Puraskar Pao contest was launched by the Ministry in collaboration with the MyGov portal of the Government of India with the objective of spreading awareness about water conservation.
• Any Indian citizen can participate in the contest. He or she needs to shoot an original video on the theme.
• They are required to upload their entries on YouTube and enter the publicly accessible link on the Video link section of MyGov contest page www.mygov.in. Three winners will be chosen every fortnight till the 4th of November this year.

What is the objective behind this contest?

• Ministry of Water Resources, River Development and Ganga Rejuvenation appeals to the people of India to make and upload videos capturing the efforts, significant contributions, best practices in the field of Water Conservation, Optimum Water Utilization and Water Resource Development and Management in different parts of the country.

Mission Indradhanush

What is Mission Indradhanush (MI)?

Mission Indradhanush (MI) is one of the flagship schemes of Government of India that aims at achieving full immunization coverage (FIC) of 90% by December’18 through focus on unvaccinated and partially vaccinated children and pregnant women in pockets of low immunization coverage, high-risk and hard-to-reach areas.

What are the objectives?

• The Mission Indradhanush aims to cover all those children by 2020 who are either unvaccinated, or are partially vaccinated against vaccine preventable diseases.
• India’s Universal Immunisation Programme (UIP) provides free vaccines against 12 life threatening diseases, to 26 million children annually. 
• The Universal Immunization Programme provides life-saving vaccines to all children across the country free of cost to protect them against Tuberculosis, Diphtheria, Pertussis, Tetanus, Polio, Hepatitis B, Pneumonia and Meningitis due to Haemophilus Influenzae type b (Hib), Measles, Rubella, Japanese Encephalitis (JE) and Rotavirus diarrhoea.
• It has also been included as one of the schemes under Gram Swaraj Abhiyan (GSA) and Extended GSA.

Cyclonic storm ‘TITLI’ and ‘LUBAN’

What is a Tropical Cyclone?

Tropical cyclone, also called typhoon or hurricane, an intense circular storm that originates over warm tropical oceans and is characterized by low atmospheric pressure, high winds, and heavy rain.

What are its Features?

• Drawing energy from the sea surface and maintaining its strength as long as it remains over warm water, a tropical cyclone generates winds that exceed 119 km per hour.
• In extreme cases winds may exceed 240 km per hour, and gusts may surpass 320 km per hour.
• Accompanying these strong winds are torrential rains and a devastating phenomenon known as the storm surge, an elevation of the sea surface that can reach 6 metres (20 feet) above normal levels.
• Such a combination of high winds and water makes cyclones a serious hazard for coastal areas in tropical and subtropical areas of the world.
• Every year during the late summer months (July–September in the Northern Hemisphere and January–March in the Southern Hemisphere), cyclones strike regions as far apart as the Gulf Coast of North America, northwestern Australia, and eastern India and Bangladesh.

What are the terms used to describe Tropical Cyclones?

• Tropical cyclones are known by various names in different parts of the world. In the North Atlantic Ocean and the eastern North Pacific they are called hurricanes, and in the western North Pacific around the Philippines, Japan, and China the storms are referred to as typhoons.
• In the western South Pacific and Indian Ocean they are variously referred to as severe tropical cyclones, tropical cyclones, or simply cyclones.
• All these different names refer to the same type of storm.

Structure and Rotation 

Indian Chamber of Commerce

About

• The Indian Chamber of Commerce, or ICC as it is popularly known, is the premier body of business and industry in Eastern and North-Eastern India.
• The membership of the Chamber comprises several of the largest corporate groups in the country, with business operations all over the country and abroad.
• Set up by a group of pioneering industrialists led by Mr G D Birla, the Indian Chamber was closely associated with the Indian Freedom Movement, as the first organised voice of indigenous Indian Industry.